Lock.



No. 805,687. PATENTED NOV. 28, 1905. A F. J. VIBWEG.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED JUNI: z3. 1904.

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PATENTED NOV. 28, 1905.

F. J. VIEWEG.

LOCK.

APPLmATIoN FILED JUNE 23,1904.

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UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE.

LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 28, 1905.

Application filed June 23, 1904. Serial No. 213,801.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRED J. VIEWEG, acitizen of the United StatesofAmerica, and a resident of Plainfield, Union county, New Jersey, haveinvented certain new and useful Im provements in Locks, of which thefollowing is a speciiication.

My invention relates generally to locks, and comprises certainmodifications of and improvements upon a lock for which I have recentlyapplied for Letters Patent. In this prior application, Serial No.177,834, I have shown and claimed, broadly, two members relativelymovable and adapted to render the latch-bolt operative from both sidesof the lock or one side only at will. I there show and claim as thespecific embodiment of my invention a rotatable and movable collar and aiixed pin adapted to move the collar laterally when the latter rotates.

In this application, on the other hand, I show and claim the collarfixed and the pin movable. Improvements on this prior lock have beenmade and are embodied in this applieation, as will hereinafter appear.For the purposes of certain of these features of my invention I do notlimit myself in this application to a fixed collar and a movable pin.

In this invention I have endeavored to render my prior lock as eiiicientand inexpensive as possible and to reduce to the lowest possible limitthe number of working parts.

- The latch is reversible, and therefore adapted for either a right orleft hand swing door. The lock can be used as a day or night latch atwill and is operative by the door-knob alone, no key being necessary.

Other objects will define themselves as the more detailed description ofthe invention proceeds.

I have shown my invention in the accompanying drawings, to which I willrefer in the following description. In these drawings 'I have designatedlike parts by like numerviews of Fig. l, showing means for determiningthe passage of the pin through the grooved collar. Figs. 5 and 6 aredetailed views of the frame shown on Fig. l. Fig. 7 is a detailed viewof a member for operating the latch-bolt. Fig. 8 is a sectional viewshowing a modification of Fig. l. Fig. 9 shows a modilication'of thecollar shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 10 shows a further modification of thecollar shown in Fig. 2.

In my former application, above referred to, I provide a broken ortwo-part spindle, one part of which is operative as to the latchmechanism at all times, the other of which is not so operative untiljoined -to the first spindle by the movable collar. In the presentinstance I have used only one spindle, which can be rotated at all timesfrom either side of the lock, and I employ means for uniting ordisuniting this spindle with the latch mechanism direct by the rotationof either knob. I am enabled to render the outer knob operative orinoperative not only when on the outside, but also when on the inside,of the door. Likewise I am enabled to render the inner knob operative orinoperative not only when on the inside, but also when on the outside,of the door. By an independent auxiliary device operative from theinside I can render both knobs operative without necessitating' the useof the combination-collar to that end, so that a lock may be used as aday-latch, if desired.

In Fig. l I have shown my lock attached to a door and contained in theframe l, cast integral with an inner escutcheon 2, the outer escutcheon3 being in threaded engagement with the frame, so that the lock may bereadily applied to doors of diderent thicknesses. The frame extendsthrough a transverse hole in the door, and a portion of my latchmechanism is contained in a hole bored inwardly from the stile to thelock-frame, thereby doing away with the usual mortising of the door andavoiding the structural weakness which results therefrom. Through thelock-frame extends the spindle 4, connected to the outer knob 5, seatedloosely in the inner knob 6. The spindle is rotatable at all times byeither of the. knobs, as will appear hereinafter. This spindle passesloosely through the roll-back 7 and is therefore inoperative as to thelatter until some means is employed for uniting the two. For thisuniting means l have chosen a member having cam-surfaces and anothermember adapted to engage therewith, one member being fixed while theother is movable in relation to it,one member being adapted to unite thespindle with the roll-back.

IOO

These camsurfaces are shown in the draw- 1ngs 1n the form of grooves.

The uniting means are operative outside of the lock and their relativemovements can be determined by any suitable means, as a dialplate.Since, however, it is not desirable to have the means for determiningthe relative movement of the uniting members visible to an uninitiatedperson when the combination is being operated, I have in this instancepreferred to place these means within the knob. In my prior applicationI employed as such means a series of indents on the inner face of theknob and spring-seated pins mounted on the frame and adapted to slip inand out of the indents. I have found in practice that this constructionproduces a click as the pin engages with the indents and that anuninitiated person present when the combination is worked may learn thecombination by sound. To avoid this objection, I have shown in Fig. 1(and more in detail in Figs. 3and 4)a thimble 8, located inside of theknob and having a number of teeth 9, normally kept in engagement withcorresponding notches 10 on the frame by means of spring 11. The thimbleis rotated with the knob by means of the pin 12, which moves in a slot13 of the knob, thereby allowing' lateral play to the thimble. When theknob is rotated, the teeth disengage, compressing the spring and causinga resistance at each tooth, so that the relative movement of theuniting' members can be determined. When these members arein theirstarting position, the pointer 14 will be in alinement with a mark 15 onthe escutcheon 3. It will thus be seen that I have provided means fordetermining' the relative movement of the uniting members, which produceno sound and are invisible, so that there is no danger of anunauthorized person learning the combination, the relative movement oi'the members being determined by the sense ot' touch alone.

For the uniting means I employ a collar having a labyrinth of groovesand a pin adapted to engage in these grooves. It will be readilyunderstood that either the collar or the pin may be moved in relation tothe other to join the spindle and the roll-back. In the presentapplication, however, I have shown the collar iixed andthe pin movablein relation to the collar. The collar is indicated by 16, secured in anysuitable way to the frame 1. r1`he inner circumference of this collar isprovided with cam-surfaces, in the present instance in the form ofcircumferential grooves, and through the grooves travels the pin 17, thecam-surfaces moving the pin laterally in a manner easily understood. Itwill be seen that it is necessary to give this pin a rotary motion, sothat the camsurt'aces of' the collar may act to move it laterally.Furthermore, it is desired to impart this rotary motion by the rotationof the spindle.

dle in a channel shape.

This may be accomplished in any suitable way, as by fashioning a portionof the spin- On this portion I secure a slotted tube 18, in which movesa pin 19, connected to pin 17. As the spindle rotates-fit carries thistube and with it the pin 17, the cam-grooves of the collar forcing itlaterallyV until the pin 19 is in engagement with an aperture 20 of thelatch-cam 7. The spindle and latch mechanism are now united, and thecontinued rotation o't' the spindle from either side operates the latch.In like manner when the spindle is properly rotated the cam-grooves ot'the collar will operate to withdraw the pin 19 and render the latchmechanism again inoperative from both sides of the door.

The latch mechanism may be'of any suitable construction; but I hereshowv it in a preferred form, in which latch 21 operates in a suitablepocket 22, inserted in the stile of the door. This latch is slidablyconnected, by means of slot 23, to a latch-bolt 24, connected, by adetachable pin 25, to a latch-arm 26, contacting with the cam-shapedsides of a depressed portion of the roll-back 7. The latter is held inposition by means of pin 28, and the latch-arm is held snugly againstthe sides" of the depressed portion of the roll-back and' the latch inits closed position by spring 29. V

Fig. 7 shows "the construction of the rollback in detail. When thelatch-arm 26 moves from 30 to 31, the latch will Vbe withdrawn.

It will be seen that, as shown in the drawings, the latch mechanism isadapted for a lett-hand-swing door. It', however, it be de-A sired toattach the lock to aright-hand-swing door, it will be seen that thelatch and latchbolt can be readily reversed by removing pin 25. then beturned over, the bolt connected again to the latch-arm by insertion ofpin 25. VThe latch is now adapted for a right-hand-swing door and willbe pivoted on the opposite side of the door-that is, on side 34 insteadof side 33.

Form the foregoing it is evident that by the uniting means I can rendermy latch mechanism operative or inoperative as to both sides of the doorfrom either side of the door. r In case it should be desired to use mylock as a IOO The bolt, latch, and latch-pocket 22 can IIO day-latch Ihave provided independent auXiliary means operative from one side of thelock adapted to rende-r the latch mechanism operative from both sides ofthe loc'k. While this means may take various forms, I have here shown itto consist of aclutch 34, con# nected to the knob 6 and carried by achannel-shaped extension of the spindle. Since this clutch connects theknob 6 and the spindle, it will be readily' understood that both knobsand the spindle rotate together. When now it is desired to use my lockas a daylatch, the .clutch 34a is thrown into engagement with theaperture 35 of the roll-back, and when in such engagement it will beseen that the latch is operated from either side of the door. The clutch34 is brought into or out of engagement by any vsuitable means allowingplay to the knob. This may be by a cam-groove or, as I have shown inFigs. 5 and 6, by parallel grooves 36 and 37, connected at a properpoint by the groove 38. A pin 39, attached to the knob, prevents theplay of the latter until the propeigpoint is reached-that is, until thepin 39 is opposite to the groove 38. When it is desired to lock orunlock the door from the inside by employing the combination, the knob 6must be allowed to rotate freely, and the pin 39 will then be moving inthe groove 36, which extends all the way around the frame, and theclutch at this time is out of engagement with the roll-back. If now itis desired to throw the clutch into engagement with the roll-back, thepin 39 is brought to the groove 38 by rotating the knob, its location atthat point being determinable by any suitable means, as notches on theknob and frame. When at this point, the knob can be pushed in, carryingwith it the clutch into engagement with the roll-back. The lock can nowbe operated by either knob, the latch being withdrawn by a turn offorty-tive degrees in either direction. The groove 37 is limited toninety degrees, so that a positive stop may prevent the locking of thedoor inadvertently. On returning the pin to groove 36 the door can belocked by half a revolution.

It will be seen that in the position of the parts, as shown in Fig, 1,the latch mechanism is inoperative by either knob and that it can onlybe rendered operative by leading the pin 17 through the secret passageformed by the grooves on the inner circumference of the collar until thepin 19 joins the spindlel to the roll-back. An examination of thesegrooves will show that only the initiated can lead the pinto a properposition for connecting the latch mechanism and the spindle. It willalso be seen that the combination Aby which the lock can be opened maybe varied by changing the length or the number or the arrangement ofgrooves on the collar. Collars having different lengths or shapes ofgrooves may at any time be substituted. This labyrinth of grooves mayobviously be variously formed or applied. I have found in practice thatit is best to provide some means for causing the pin to necessarily takethe proper course when the combination is properly operated and tonecessarily take the wrong course when improperly operated. While thisresult may be accomplished in various ways, I have shown in Fig. 2 aconstruction which I prefer. The portion of the pin 17 engaging in thegrooves is preferably made elongated in form, about three times as longas the width of the grooves, and in the form of two superimposed opposedsegments, as shownl invFig. 2. By this construction the grooves may bearranged to cross each other, which economizes space, removesobstructions to the pin, and yet results in the pin necessarily takingthe right grooves when unlocking, if properly operated, and necessarilygoing wrong if the rotation of the knob is not reversed at the propertime. Thev length of the pin bridges intersecting grooves, so that theright groove will be kept. The opposed rounded portions of, the segmentsinsure proper travel on the right and left hand turns, while a clearancein the grooves is allowed for the projecting part of the pin in makingthe turns, this clearance in some cases being on top, in other casesbeneath, the surface of the collar, as indicated by the full and dottedlines in Fig. 2. It will be noted that the segments lie in differentplaces, the clearances in the collar denoted in the full lines beingadapted to allow the upper segment to pivot, while the clearancesbeneath the surface of the collar and denoted by the dotted lines allowthe lower segment to pivot at the proper places. The clearances providedin this instance do not extend to the full depth of the grooves exceptthose located at the edge of the collar and which are beneath thesurface thereof. In Fig. 10, however, I have shown the clearances ofequal depth with the grooves, and I do away with all clearances beneaththe surface of the collar. By this modified construction I do not need apin having these superimposed opposed segments and I ernploy in itsstead an elongated pin having both of its sides sufficiently rounded topivot at the proper places in the groove labyrinth and yet of suiiicientlength to bridge the intersecting grooves into which it is not desiredto lead the pin.

Referring to Fig. 2, 4() indicates the starting-point of thecombination. In this instance the combination is 2 3 6-z'. e., the knobis turned two points to the left, three to the right, and six to theleft, when on reversing the knob the door may be opened. In thisoperation the pin travels from 40 to 41, pivoting at 42, and from 41 to43, from 43 to 44, and from 44 to-the parallel groove 45 when the pin 19will enter the aperture 2O of the latch-cam connecting the spindle 7 andthe inner or outer knob with the latch mechanism. It will be understoodthat the pin in traveling from 40 to 41 can pivot at 42, but whenreturning from 41 bears on the opposite side of the groove, and sinceits length is greater than the width of the grooves will receive supportfrom the closed portion, so as to carry it by the opening, preventingits return to 40, and causing it to go along the incline to the parallelgroove at 43. Likewise 'it will be seen that if the motion of theknobshould not be reversed at 41 the pin will go into the parallel groove at46 and is prevented IOO from returning' to 41 owing to its increasedlength. By examining' the remaining grooves it will be seen that the pinmust necessarily follow the right path when the rotation of the knob isreversed at the proper time, and also that it must necessarily go thewrong way when the combination is not properly operated. In Fig. 9 Ihave shown a modification of these 'cam grooves. Certain sections ot'these grooves are tapered, as at 47, the pitch of such sections being`about one-halt' the depth of the grooves. The spring 48, Fig. 8, allowsthe pin 17, which in this instance is round, to adapt itself to thetaper. rIhe combination is 2 2 4-f. e., the pin 17 travels from 49 to50, to 51, to 52, and upon here reversing the motion ot' the knob thepin 17 travels to groove 53 and moves the pin 19 into engagement withthe latch-cam 7. It will be seen that in this instance on reversing themotion ot' the pin at 50 it is prevented from returning to 49 by thetaper and is caused to take the incline toward 51. Examining theremaining grooves the same condition will be found-fi'. e., the pin mustnecessarily iind the right groove 'or unlocking' when properly operated.and it must necessarily go wrong if the motion ot' the knob is notreversed at the proper time. The operation of the lock is as follows:Assuming'the parts to be in the position shown in Fig. 1, in whichneither knob operates the latch, if it be desired to open the door fromthe outside the knob (and thereby the spindle 4 and pin 19) is movedaccording to the combination, when pin 19 will engage with the latch-cam7 and the rotation of either knob will operate the latch. If it bedesired to again lock the door from the outside while outside of thedoor, a half-revolution in either direction will draw the pin out ot'engagement with the latch-cam, thereby rendering the outer knobinoperative as to the latch mechanism. Since clutch 34 connects spindle4 permanently to inner knob 6, the rotation otl the latter causes thepin 19 to travel and locks or unlocks the door in exactly the samemanner as in the case of the outer knob. It', now, it be desired to openthe door from the inside without the use of the combination, the pin 39in the knob is brought into groove 37, as previously described, throwingclutch 34 into engagement With the latch-cam and rendering the knob 6(and knob 5) operative as to the latch mechanism. rIhis furnishes aready means of eXit from the inside in case the door is locked. It it isdesired to leave the door locked, the clutch is easily withdrawn afterthe door is opened, and on closing the door it is left locked with theparts in the position shown in Fig. 1. It will thus be seen that I canlock or unlock the door from either side and can lock or unlock the doorfrom the inside as to the outside, and I am enabled to open the door bythe inside or outside knob independently o1 the locking mechanism if itis desired to use the lock as a day-latch.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In a lock incombination, latch mechanism, a rotatable knob, and means controlled bythe rotation of the knob from either side ot' the door adapted to renderthe latch mechanism inoperative and operative as to both sides of thedoor.

2. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a rotatable knob, meanscontrolled by the rotation ot' the knob t'rom either side of the dooradapted to render the latch mechanism inoperative and operative as toboth sides of the door, and independent means operative at all timesfrom one side ot' the door adapted to render the bolt operative as toboth sides of the door. l

3. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, aspindle rotatable at alltimes from either side ot' the door, and means actuated by the rotationot' said spindle and adapted to bring said spindle into and out ofoperative relation with said latch mechanism.

4. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable at alltimes from either side ot' the door, means operative from either side ofthe door adapted to unite and disunite said spindle and latch mechanism,and independent means operative at all times from one side of the dooradapted to unite and disunite the spindle and latch mechanism.

5. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable at alltimes from either side ot' the door, a movable member, and meansactuated by the rotation of the spindle adapted to move said member tounite and disunite the spindle and latch mechanism.

6. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable at alltimes from either side of the door, a movable member, and means actuatedby the rotation ot' said spindle adapted to move said member to uniteand disunite the spindle and latch mechanism, and independent meansoperative at all times from one side of the door adapted to unite anddisunite the spindle and latch mechanism.

7. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable at alltimes from either side of the door, two members relatively movable bythe rotation of the said spindle, said members being adapted to uniteand disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

8. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable at alltimes from either side ot' the door, two members relatively movable andadapted to unite and disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism, meansactuated by the rotation of the spindle adapted to move one of saidmembers, and independent means operative at all times from one side ofthe door adapted to unite and disunite the spindle and latch mechanism.

IOO

IIO

9. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable at alltimes from either side ot' the door, a collar and a pin, movable inrelation to each other and adapted to unite the spindle and latchmechanism.

10. In a lock in combination` latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable atall times from either side of the door, a fixed collar and a movablepin, said pin being adapted to unite and disunite the spindle and latchmechanism, and means actuated by the rotation of the spindle adapted tomove said pin.

11. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable atall times from either side ot' the door, a iixed collar and a movablepin, the latter being adapted to unite and disunite the spindle and thelatch mechanism, means actuated by the rotation ot' the spindle adaptedto move the pin, and independent means operative from one side of thelock adapted. to unite and disunite the spindleand the latch mechanism.

12. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable atall times from either side ot the door, a pin connected loosely to saidspindle, and a collar adapted to move said pin laterally to unite anddisunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

13. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable atall times from either side of the door, a pin connected loosely to saidspindle and a collar adapted to move said pin laterally to unite anddisunite the spindle and the latch mechanism, and independent meansoperative from one side of the door adapted to imite the spindle and thelatch mechanism.

14. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable atall times from either side of the door, a collar having a labyrinth oi'grooves, a pin connected loosely to said spindle and adapted to engagein said grooves, said pin and collar being relatively movable andadapted to unite and disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

l5. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable atall times from either side of the door, a collar having a labyrinth ot'grooves, a pin adapted to engage in said grooves, loosely connected tosaid spindle, and

movable thereby, said pin being adapted to unite and disunite thespindle and the latch mechanism, and independent means operative fromone side of the door adapted to unite and disunite the spindle and thelatch mechanism.

16. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable atall times from either side of the door, a collar having a labyrinth ofgrooves, a pin adapted to engage in said grooves and movable by therotation of said spindle, a knob connected to said spindle and adapted,when rotated, to cause the pin and the grooved collar to travel Withrelation to each otherto unite and disunite the spindle and the latchmechanism, and independent means operative from one side oi' Vthe dooradapted to unite and disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

17. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable atall times from either side of the door, a collar having' a labyrinth ot'grooves, a pin adapted to engage in said grooves and movable by therotation of the spindle, a knob connected to the spindle and adapted,when rotated, to cause the pin and grooved collar to travel withrelation to each other, and which, When turned a variably-predeterminednumber of times and a variablypredetermined distance in oppositedirections, Will cause said pin to take certain passages through saidlabyrinth and to move a predetermined distance to unite the spindle andthe latch mechanism.

18. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable atall times from either side of the door, a collar having a labyrinth ot'grooves, a pin adapted to engage therein and movable by the rotation ot'the spindle, a knob connected to the spindle and adapted, When rotated,to cause the pin and the grooved collar to move with relation to eachother, and which, when turned a variably-predetermined number of timesand a variably predetermined distance in opposite directions, Will causesaid pin to take certain passages through said labyrinth and to move apredetermined distance to unite the spindle and the latch mechanism, andindependent means operative from one side of the door adapted to uniteand disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

19. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable atall times from either side of the door, a collar having a series ofcam-surfaces, a pin adapted to engage therewith, said spindle beingadapted to move the pin in relation to the collar, whereby the spindleand the latch mechanism are united or disunited.

20. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable atall times from either side of the door, a collar having a series ot'cam-surfaces, a pin adapted. to engage therewith, said pin being looselyconnected to said spindle and movable in relation to said collar andadapted to unite and disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism, andindependent means operative from one side of the door adapted to uniteand disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

21. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, aspindle rotatable at alltimes from either side ot' the door, a pin movable thereby, a collarhaving a labyrinth of cam-surfaces adapted to move the pin laterally tounite and disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

22. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable atall times from either side ot' the door, a pin movable thereby, a collarhaving a labyrinth ot' cam-surfaces adapted to move the pin laterally tounite and disunite IOOv IIO

sys

4rotation of the knob when the member is out of engagement with theaperture and to posithe spindle and the latch mechanism, and in-ldependent means operative from one side of the door adapted to unite anddisunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

23. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a door-knob and meansactuated by the rotation of the said knob adapted to render the latchmechanism operative or inoperative from both sides at will.

24. In a lock of the character described, a roll-back provided with anaperture, a spindle, a member connected to the knob and carried by thespindle and adapted to engage With the aperture of the roll-back toconnect the latter with the spindle and knob.

25. In a lock of the character described, a roll-back provided with anaperture, a spindle, amember carried by the spindle, a knob laterallymovable and connected to said member, the latter being' adapted toengage with the aperture of the roll-back to connect theV latter Withthe spindle and knob.

26. In a lock of the character described, a roll-back provided with anaperture, a spindle, a member carried thereby, a knob connected to saidmember and laterally movable and adapted, by its lateral movement, tobring the member into or out of engagement With the aperture to unite ordisunite the roll-back and the spindle and knob.

27. In a lock ot' the character described, a roll-back provided with anaperture, a spindle, a member carried thereby, a knob laterally movableand connected to said member, and adapted, by its lateral movement, tobring said member into or out of engagement with the aperture, meansadapted to allow the free tively limit its rotation when the member isin engagement With the aperture.

28. In a lock of the character described, a roll-back provided with anaperture, a spindle, a member carried thereby, a knob connected to saidmember, and adapted to move the latter into or out of engagement withthe aperture, a pin fixed to said knob, grooves adapted to receive thepin and to permit the free rotation of the knob when the member is outof engagement with the aperture and to limit the rotation of the knobwhen the member is in engagement with vthe aperture.

29. In a lock ot' the character described, a roll-back provided with anaperture, a spindle, a member carried thereby, a knob connected to saidmember, and adapted to move the latter into or out of engagement withthe aperture, a pin tiXed to said knob, grooves adapted to receive thepin and to permit the free rotation ofthe knob when the member is out ofengagement With the aperture and to limit the rotation of the knob Whenthe member is in engagement with the aperture, and means for determiningWhen the member and aperture are in alinement.

30. In a lock of the character described, a roll-back provided with anaperture. a spindle, a member carried by the spindle, a knob laterallymovable and connected to said member, the latter being adapted to engagewith the aperture of the roll-back to connect the latter with thespindle and knob, and means for determining when the member and apertureare in alinement.

31. In a lock or' the character described, a roll-back provided with anaperture, a spindle, a member carried thereby, a knob laterally movableand connected to said member, and adapted, by its lateral movement, tobring said member into or out of engagement With the aperture, meansadapted to allow the free rotation of the knob when the member is outot' engagement With the aperture and to positively limit its rotationwhen the member is in engagement with the aperture, and means fordetermining when the member andv aperture are in alinement.

32. In a lock ofthe character described, the combination with means foroperating the same, ot' latch mechanism comprised in part of a memberhaving a depressed portion, the sides of which form cam-surfaces, alatch-arm connected to a latch and adapted to engage with saidcam-surfaces.

33. In a lock or' the character described, the combination with meansfor operating the same, of latch mechanism comprised in part of a memberhaving a depressed portion, the sides of which form cam-surfaces, alatch-arm detachably connected to a latch and adapted to engage withsaid cam-surfaces.

34e. In a lock of the character described, the combination with means4for operating the same, ot' latch mechanism comprised in part of amember having a depressed portion, the sides of Which form cam-surfaces,a latch-arm adapted to engage with said cam-surfaces, a latch,a'spring-seated latch-bolt connecting said latch and latch-arm andadapted to hold the latch-arm against the cam-surfaces and the latch inits closed position.

35. In a lock of the character described, the combination with means foroperating the IOO same, of latch mechanism comprised in part of a memberhaving a depressed portion, the sides of which form cam-surfaces, alatch-arm' adapted to engage with said cam-surfaces, a latch, aspring-seated latch-bolt slidably connected to said latch and removablyconnected to said latch-arm adapted to hold the latter against thecam-surfaces and the latch in its closed position.

36. In a combination-lock, means for determining the operation ofthecombination, comprising: a knob, a member rotated by said knob andprovided With a plurality of teeth, another member provided with indentsadapted to receive said teeth and a spring adapted to keep said teethand indents normally in engagement.

37. In a combination-lock, means for determining the operation of thecombination` comprising: a knob, a thimble carried by said knob andprovided with a plurality ot' teeth, a frame having a series of indentsadapted to receive said teeth and a spring adapted to keep said teethand indents normally in engagement.

38. In acombination-lock, means for determining the operation ofthecombination, comprising: a knob, having a slot, a thimble provided witha plurality of teeth, a pin sliding loosely in said slot and connectingsaid thimble and knob, a lock-frame having a series of indents adaptedto receive said teeth, and a spring adapted to keep said teeth andindents normally in engagement.

39. In a combination-lock of the character described, latch mechanism, aspring, means for uniting and disuniting said spindle and latchmechanism, comprised in part of a collar having' a labyrinth of grooves,a pin adapted to engage therein, andmeans adapted to keep the pin in theproper course when the combination is properly operated and to cause thepin to take the wrong course when the combination is not properlyoperated.

40. In a combination-lock of the character described, latch mechanism, aspindle, means for uniting and disuniting said spindle and latchmechanism comprised in part of a collar having a labyrinth oi' grooves,a pin adapted to engage therein, the portion of said pin in engagementlwith the grooves having a length greater than the width of the grooves,clearances formed in the collar at certain points in the labyrinthadapted to permit the pin to pivot freely.

41. In a combination-lock of the character described, latch mechanism, aspindle, means for uniting and disuniting said spindle and latchmechanism comprised in part of a collar having a labyrinth of grooves, apin adapted to engage therein, the portion of said pin in engagementwith the grooves having a length greater than the width of the grooves.

42. In a combination-lock of the character described, latch mechanism, aspindle, means for uniting and disuniting said spindle and latchmechanism comprised in part of a collar havinga labyrinth of grooves, apin adapted to engage therein, the portion of said pin in engagementwith thegrooves having a length greater than the width of the grooves,and being formed of two superimposed opposed segments, and clearancesformed in the collar at certain points in the labyrinth adapted topermit the pin to pivot freely. i

43. In a combination-lock of the character described, latch mechanism,.aspindle means for uniting and disuniting said spindle and latchmechanism comprised in part of a collar having a labyrinth oi' grooves,a pin adapted to engage therein, the portion of said pin in engagementwith the grooves having a length greater than the width of the grooves,and being formed of two superimposed opposed segments, clearances formedin the surfaceof the collar adapted to permit the upper segment to pivotat certain points in the labyrinth and other clearances Jformed beneaththe surface of the collar adapted to permit the lower segment to pivotat certain points in the labyrinth.

44. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a rotatable knob, meanscontrolled by the rotation of the knob adapted to render the latchmechanism operative or inoperative as to both sides of the door, andindependent means operative at all times from one side ofA the dooradapted to render the bolt inoperative as to both sides o1u the door.

45. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable fromeither side or' the door, means actuated by the rotation of said spindleadapted to uniteand disunite said spindle and latch .mechanism, andindependent means operative at all times from one side ot' the dooradapted to unite and disunite said spindle and latch mechanism.

46. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, means actuatedby the rotation of said spindle adapted to unite-and disunite saidspindle and latch mechanism, and independent means operative at alltimes from one side of the door adapted to unite and disunite saidspindle and latch mechanism.

47. In alock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle rotatable at alltimes from either side of the door, means actuated by the rotation ofsaid spindle and adapted to bring said spindle into and out of operativerelation with said latch mechanism, and independent means operative atall times from one side of the door, adapted to unite and disunite saidspindle and latchinechanism.

48. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, means actuatedby the rotation of. said spindle and adapted to bring said spindle intoand out of operative relation with said latch mechanism, and independentmeans operative at all times from one side ot' the door adapted to uniteand disunite said spindle and latch mechanism.

49. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, means adaptedto unite the spindle andlatch mechanism, and independent means operativeat all times from one side of the door adapted to unite and disunite thespindle and latch mechanism.

50. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a movablemember, means actuated 'by the rotation of said spindle adapted to movesaid member to unite-and disunite the spindle and latch mechanism, andindependent means operative at all times from one side of the dooradapted to unite and disunite the spindle and latch mechanism.

5l. In alock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, two membersrelatively mov- IOO ISO

able and adapted to unite and disunite the spindle and the latchmechanism, and means operative at all times from one side of the dooradapted to unite and disunite the spindle and latch mechanism.

52. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, two membersrelatively movable and adapted to render the latch mechanism operativeor inoperative, and independent means operative at all times from oneside of the door adapted to render the latch mechanism operative orinoperative.

53. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a collar and apin, movable in relation to each other and adapted to render the latchmechanism operative or inoperative, and independent means operative atall times from one side of the door adapted to render said latchmechanism operative or inoperative.

54. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a collar and apin, movable in relation to each otherand adapted to unite and disunitethe spindle and latch mechanism, and independent means operative at alltimes from one side of the door adapted to unite and disunite thespindle and latch mechanism.

55. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a lixed collarand a movable pin, said pin being adapted to unite and disunite thespindle and latch mechanism, and means actuated by the rotation of thespindle adapted to move said pin, and independent means operative at alltimes from one side of the door adapted to unite and disunite thespindle and the latch mechanism.

56. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a pinconnected loosely to said spindle, and a collar adapted to move said pinlaterally to unite and disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism, andindependent means operative at all times from one side of the dooradapted to unite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

57. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a collarhaving a labyrinth of grooves, a pin adapted to engage in said grooves,loosely connected to said spindle, and movable thereby, said pin being'adapted to unite and disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism, andindependent means operative from one side of the door adapted to uniteand disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

58. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a collarhaving a labyrinth of grooves, a pin adapted to engage in said groovesand'movable by the rotation ot' said spindle, a knob connected to saidspindle and adapted, when rotated, to cause the pin and the groovedcollar to travel with relation to each other to unite and disunite thespindle and the latch mechanism, and independent means operative fromone side of the door adapted to unite and disunite the spindle and thelatch mechanism.

59. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a collarhaving a labyrinth of grooves, a pin adapted to engage therein andmovable by the rotation of the spindle, a knob connected to the s'pindleand adapted, when rotated, to cause the pin and the grooved collar tomove with relation to each other, and which, when turned avariably-predetermined number of times and a variably-predetermineddistance in opposite directions, will cause said pin to take certainpassages through said labyrinth and to move a predetermined distance tounite the spindle and the latch mechanism, and independent meansoperative from one side of the door adapted to unite and disunite thespindle and the latch mechanism.

60. In a loch in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a collarhaving a series of camsurfaces, a pin adapted to engage therewith, saidpin being loosely connected to said spindle and movable-in relation tosaid collar and adapted to unite and disunite the spindle and the latchmechanism, and independent means operative from one side of the dooradapted to unite and disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

61. In a lookin combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a pin movablethereby, a collar having a labyrinth of cam-surfaces adapted to move thepin laterally to unite and disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism,and independent means operative from one side of the door adapted tounite and disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

62. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a movablemember, and means actuated by the rotation of the spindle adapted tomove said member to bring the spindle into and out of operativeengagement with the latch mechanism.

63. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, two membersrelatively movable by the rotation of said spindle and adapted therebyto bring the spindle into and out of operative engagement with the latchmechanism.

64. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a collar and apin, movable in relation to each other and adapted to bring the spindleinto and out o't operative engagement with the latch mechanism.

65. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a fixed collarand a movable pin, said pin being adapted to unite and disunite thespindle and latch mechanism, and means actuated by the rotation of thespindle adapted to move said pin.

66. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a pinconnected loosely to said spindle, and a collar adapted to move said pinlaterally to unite and disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

67. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a collarhaving a labyrinth of grooves, a pin connected loosely to said spin- IOOIIO

- latch mechanism.

69. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a collarhaving a labyrinth of grooves, a pin adapted to engage in said groovesand movable by the rotation of the spindle, a knob connected to thespindle and adapted, when rotated, to cause the pin and grooved collarto travel with relation to each other, and which, when turnedavariably-predetermined number of times and a variablypredetermineddistance in opposite directions, will cause said pin to take certainpassages through said labyrinth and to move a predetermined distance tounite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

70. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a collarhaving a series of camsurfaces, a pin adapted to engage therewith, saidpin and collar being relatively movable and adapted to unite anddisunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

7l. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle, a pin movablethereby, a collar having a labyrinth of cam-surfaces adapted to move thepin laterally to unite and disunite the spindle and the latch mechanism.

' 7 2. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, adoorlknob, meansadapted to render said latch mechanism operative or inoperative fromboth sides at will, said means being actuated solely by the said knoband adapted to effect such change.

7 3. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a door-knob, meansadapted to render said latch mechanism operative or inoperative fromboth sides at will, said means being actuated solely by the said knoband adapted to eiect such change, and independent means operative on oneside of the door adapted to render said latch mechanism operative orinoperative.

7 4. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a door-knob, meansadapted to operate said latch mechanism from both sides of the door, andmeans actuated by the rotation of the door-knob adapted to render saidlatch mechanism inoperative and operative from both sides of the lock atWill.

75. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism a door-knob, means adaptedto operate said latch mechanism from both sides of the door, and meansactuated by the rotation of the door-knob adapted to render said latchmechanism inoperative and operative from both sides of the lock at will,and independent means operative on one side of the door adapted torender said latch mechanism operative or inoperative.

7 6. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a door-knob, and meansactuated by the rotation of the said knob adapted to render the latchmechanism operative or inoperative from both sides at will, andindependent means operative on one side of the door adapted to rendersaid latch mechanism operative or inoperative.

77. In a lock, means for operating said lock comprising in part: a lixedcollar, a pin movable in relation thereto, and means adapted to movesaid pin.

78. In a lock, means for operating said lock comprising in part: a fixedcollar having a labyrinth of grooves, a rotatablepin adapted to engagetherein, and to be moved lengthwise as it rotates, and means forrotating said pin.

79. In a lock, means for operating said lock comprising in part: a fixedcollar having a labyrinth of grooves, a rotatable pin adapted to engagetherein and to be moved lengthwise as it rotates, means for rotatingsaid pin, and means for determining the passage of said pin through thegrooves.

Signed at New York this 20th day of June,

FRED J. VIEWEG. Witnesses:

JOHN H. HAznLToN, RAYMOND C. SPAULDING.

